NIST Atomic Spectroscopic Database
Ground States and Ionization Energies: Gd
Gadolinium, Z = 64
- Gd I
- Gd I isoelectronic sequence
- Ground state [Kr] 4d105s25p64f75d6s2 9Dº2
- Ionization energy 49603 ± 5 cm-1
- References on
Energy Levels
- Gd II
- Eu I isoelectronic sequence
- Ground state [Kr] 4d105s25p64f75d6s 10Dº5/2
- Ionization energy 97500 ± 600 cm-1
- References on
Energy Levels
- Gd III
- Sm I isoelectronic sequence
- Ground state [Kr] 4d105s25p64f75d 9Dº2
- Ionization energy 166400 ± 800 cm-1
- References on
Energy Levels
- Gd IV
- Pm I isoelectronic sequence
- Ground state [Kr] 4d105s25p64f7 8Sº7/2
- Ionization energy 355000 ± 6000 cm-1
- References on
Energy Levels
- Gd XXXVII
- Ni I isoelectronic sequence
- Ground state 1s22s22p63s23p63d10 1S0
- References on
Energy Levels
