Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results

Barry N. Taylor and Chris E. Kuyatt

Contents (Cover page)

Preface to the 1994 Edition

Foreword

1. Introduction

2. Classification of Components of Uncertainty

3. Type A Evaluation of Standard Uncertainty

4. Type B Evaluation of Standard Uncertainty

5. Combined Standard Uncertainty

6. Expanded Uncertainty

7. Reporting Uncertainty

8. References

Appendices

      A: Law of Propagation of Uncertainty

      B: Coverage Factors

      C: Statements of Uncertainty Associated with Measurement Results

      D: Clarification and Additional Guidance

D.1 Terminology

D.2 Identification of uncertainty components

D.3 Equation (A-2)

D.4 Measurand defined by the measurement method; characterization of test methods; simple calibration

D.5 t_p and the quantile t_1-α

D.6 Uncertainty and units of the SI; proper use of the SI and quantity and unit symbols

D.7 References