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| NIST Atomic Spectra Database Ionization Energies Data
Ga (all spectra) |
Example of how to reference these results:
Kramida, A., Ralchenko, Yu., Reader, J., and NIST ASD Team (2023). NIST Atomic Spectra Database (ver. 5.11), [Online]. Available: https://physics.nist.gov/asd [2024, May 2]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18434/T4W30F
BibTex Citation (new window)
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At. num | El. Name | Isoel. Seq. | Ground Shells (a) | Ground Level | Ionization Energy (eV) | Uncertainty (eV) | References
--------|----------|-------------|-------------------|--------------|--------------------------------------|----------------------|---------------
31 | Gallium | Ga | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p | 2P*<1/2> | 5.9993020 | 0.0000012 | L5566
31 | Gallium | Zn | [Ar].3d10.4s2 | 1S0 | 20.51514 | 0.00012 | L6473
31 | Gallium | Cu | [Ar].3d10.4s | 2S<1/2> | 30.72576 | 0.00025 | L6636
31 | Gallium | Ni | [Ar].3d10 | 1S0 | 63.241 | 0.009 | L12180,L17779
31 | Gallium | Co | [Ar].3d9 | 2D<5/2> | [86.01] | 0.12 | L12180
31 | Gallium | Fe | [Ar].3d8 | 3F<4> | (112.7) | 1.1 | L12180
31 | Gallium | Mn | [Ar].3d7 | 4F<9/2> | (140.8) | 1.4 | L12180
31 | Gallium | Cr | [Ar].3d6 | 5D<4> | (169.9) | 1.7 | L12180
31 | Gallium | V | [Ar].3d5 | 6S<5/2> | (211.0) | 2.2 | L8672c99
31 | Gallium | Ti | [Ar].3d4 | 5D0 | (244.0) | 2.5 | L12180
31 | Gallium | Sc | [Ar].3d3 | 4F<3/2> | (280.0) | 2.4 | L8672c99
31 | Gallium | Ca | [Ar].3d2 | 3F<2> | (319.0) | 2.5 | L8672c99
31 | Gallium | K | [Ar].3d | 2D<3/2> | (356) | 3 | L8672c99
31 | Gallium | Ar | [Ne].3s2.3p6 | 1S0 | [471.2] | 1.4 | L11770
31 | Gallium | Cl | [Ne].3s2.3p5 | 2P*<3/2> | [508.8] | 0.4 | L11770
31 | Gallium | S | [Ne].3s2.3p4 | 3P<2> | [548.3] | 0.7 | L11770
31 | Gallium | P | [Ne].3s2.3p3 | 4S*<3/2> | [599.8] | 1.4 | L11770
31 | Gallium | Si | [Ne].3s2.3p2 | 3P0 | [640.0] | 1.5 | L11770
31 | Gallium | Al | [Ne].3s2.3p | 2P*<1/2> | [677] | 3 | L11770
31 | Gallium | Mg | [Ne].3s2 | 1S0 | [765.7] | 0.9 | L11770
31 | Gallium | Na | [Ne].3s | 2S<1/2> | [807.308] | 0.025 | L11770
31 | Gallium | Ne | 1s2.2s2.2p6 | 1S0 | [2010.0] | 1.1 | L11770
31 | Gallium | F | 1s2.2s2.2p5 | 2P*<3/2> | [2129] | 4 | L11770
31 | Gallium | O | 1s2.2s2.2p4 | 3P<2> | [2258] | 5 | L11770
31 | Gallium | N | 1s2.2s2.2p3 | 4S*<3/2> | [2391] | 18 | L11770
31 | Gallium | C | 1s2.2s2.2p2 | 3P0 | [2543.9] | 2.0 | L11770
31 | Gallium | B | 1s2.2s2.2p | 2P*<1/2> | [2683.0] | 1.4 | L11770
31 | Gallium | Be | 1s2.2s2 | 1S0 | [2868] | 3 | L11770
31 | Gallium | Li | 1s2.2s | 2S<1/2> | (2984.426) | 0.007 | L16264c99
31 | Gallium | He | 1s2 | 1S0 | (12696.5581) | 0.0016 | L21139
31 | Gallium | H | 1s | 2S<1/2> | (13239.5029) | 0.0007 | L19200
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Notes:
(a) Designations used in the ground shell lists:
[Ne] = 1s2.2s2.2p6
[Ar] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6
If you did not find the data you need, please inform the ASD Team.
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