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| NIST Atomic Spectra Database Ionization Energies Data
Hf (all spectra) |
Example of how to reference these results:
Kramida, A., Ralchenko, Yu., Reader, J., and NIST ASD Team (2023). NIST Atomic Spectra Database (ver. 5.11), [Online]. Available: https://physics.nist.gov/asd [2024, May 1]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18434/T4W30F
BibTex Citation (new window)
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At. num | El. Name | Isoel. Seq. | Ground Shells (a) | Ground Level | Ionization Energy (eV) | Uncertainty (eV) | References
--------|----------|-------------|-------------------|-----------------|--------------------------------------|----------------------|---------------
72 | Hafnium | Hf | [Xe].4f14.5d2.6s2 | 3F<2> | 6.825070 | 0.000012 | L14027,L10033
72 | Hafnium | Lu | [Xe].4f14.5d.6s2 | 2D<3/2> | (14.61) | 0.04 | L19691
72 | Hafnium | Yb | [Xe].4f14.5d2 | 3F<2> | (22.55) | 0.04 | L19691
72 | Hafnium | Tm | [Xe].4f14.5d | 2D<3/2> | [33.370] | 0.025 | L3654
72 | Hafnium | Er | [Xe].4f14 | 1S0 | [68.37] | 0.04 | L3654
72 | Hafnium | Ho | [Xe].4f13 | 2F*<7/2> | (98) | 5 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Dy | [Cd].4f13.5p5 | | (118) | 6 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Tb | [Cd].4f13.5p4 | * | (137) | 7 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Gd | [Cd].4f13.5p3 | | (157) | 8 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Eu | [Cd].4f13.5p2 | 4F*<7/2> | (187) | 9 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Sm | [Cd].4f12.5p2 | | (209) | 10 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Pm | [Cd].4f12.5p | * | (230) | 12 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Nd | [Cd].4f12 | 3H<6> | (270) | 14 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Pr | [Cd].4f11 | 4I*<15/2> | (310) | 15 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Ce | [Kr].4d10.4f11.5s | 5I*<8> | (334) | 16 | L582
72 | Hafnium | La | [Kr].4d10.4f11 | * | (359) | 17 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Ba | [Kr].4d10.4f10 | | (399) | 20 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Cs | [Kr].4d10.4f9 | 6H*<15/2> | (440) | 22 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Xe | [Kr].4d10.4f8 | 7F<6> | (481) | 24 | L582
72 | Hafnium | I | [Kr].4d10.4f7 | 8S*<7/2> | (520) | 30 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Te | [Kr].4d10.4f6 | 7F0 | (570) | 30 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Sb | [Kr].4d10.4f5 | 6H*<5/2> | (610) | 30 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Sn | [Kr].4d10.4f4 | 5I<4> | (650) | 30 | L582
72 | Hafnium | In | [Kr].4d10.4f3 | 4I*<9/2> | (690) | 30 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Cd | [Kr].4d10.4f2 | 3H<4> | (730) | 40 | L582
72 | Hafnium | Ag | [Kr].4d10.4f | 2F*<5/2> | (772) | 9 | L582c99
72 | Hafnium | Pd | [Kr].4d10 | 1S0 | (1002) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Rh | [Kr].4d9 | 2D<5/2> | (1047) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Ru | [Kr].4d8 | 3F<4> | (1094) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Tc | [Kr].4d7 | 4F<9/2> | (1146) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Mo | [Kr].4d6 | 5D<4> | (1195) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Nb | [Kr].4d5 | 6S<5/2> | (1245) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Zr | [Kr].4d4 | 5D0 | (1311) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Y | [Kr].4d3 | 4F<3/2> | (1362) | 5 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Sr | [Kr].4d2 | 3F<2> | (1417) | 5 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Rb | [Kr].4d | 2D<3/2> | (1467) | 5 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Kr | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p6 | 1S0 | (1669) | 5 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Br | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p5 | 2P*<3/2> | (1719) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Se | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p4 | 3P<2> | (1776) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | As | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p3 | 4S*<3/2> | (1827) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Ge | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p2 | 3P0 | (1963) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Ga | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p | 2P*<1/2> | (2022) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Zn | [Ar].3d10.4s2 | 1S0 | (2159) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Cu | [Ar].3d10.4s | 2S<1/2> | [2218.9] | 1.1 | L10278
72 | Hafnium | Ni | [Ar].3d10 | 1S0 | (3741) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Co | [Ar].3d9 | 2D<5/2> | (3858) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Fe | [Ar].3d8 | 3F<4> | (3984) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Mn | [Ar].3d7 | 4F<9/2> | (4118) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Cr | [Ar].3d6 | <4> | (4246) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | V | [Ar].3d5 | <5/2> | (4372) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Ti | [Ar].3d4 | 5D0 | (4573) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Sc | [Ar].3d3 | 4F<3/2> | (4703) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Ca | [Ar].3d2 | 3F<2> | (4846) | 4 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | K | [Ar].3d | 2D<3/2> | (4980) | 5 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Ar | [Ne].3s2.3p6 | 1S0 | (5350) | 5 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Cl | [Ne].3s2.3p5 | 2P*<3/2> | (5468) | 5 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | S | [Ne].3s2.3p4 | 3P<2> | (5595) | 5 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | P | [Ne].3s2.3p3 | 2P*<3/2> | (5713) | 6 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Si | [Ne].3s2.3p2 | 3P0 | (6149) | 6 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Al | [Ne].3s2.3p | 2P*<1/2> | (6284) | 7 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Mg | [Ne].3s2 | 1S0 | (6545) | 10 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Na | [Ne].3s | 2S<1/2> | (6674) | 12 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Ne | 1s2.2s2.2p6 | 1S0 | (14678) | 15 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | F | 1s2.2s2.2p5 | 2P*<3/2> | (14999) | 19 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | O | 1s2.2s2.2p4 | 3P<2> | (15351) | 24 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | N | 1s2.2s2.2p3 | (0,3/2)*<3/2> | (15680) | 30 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | C | 1s2.2s2.2p2 | 3P0 | (17280) | 40 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | B | 1s2.2s2.2p | 2P*<1/2> | (17680) | 40 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Be | 1s2.2s2 | 1S0 | (18180) | 50 | L8672c99
72 | Hafnium | Li | 1s2.2s | 2S<1/2> | (18502.32) | 0.17 | L16264c99
72 | Hafnium | He | 1s2 | 1S0 | (74565.91) | 0.16 | L21139
72 | Hafnium | H | 1s | 2S<1/2> | (76077.70) | 0.11 | L19200
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Notes:
(a) Designations used in the ground shell lists:
[Ne] = 1s2.2s2.2p6
[Ar] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6
[Kr] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6.3d10.4s2.4p6
[Cd] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6.3d10.4s2.4p6.4d10.5s2
[Xe] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6.3d10.4s2.4p6.4d10.5s2.5p6
If you did not find the data you need, please inform the ASD Team.
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