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| NIST Atomic Spectra Database Ionization Energies Data
Ra (all spectra) |
Example of how to reference these results:
Kramida, A., Ralchenko, Yu., Reader, J., and NIST ASD Team (2023). NIST Atomic Spectra Database (ver. 5.11), [Online]. Available: https://physics.nist.gov/asd [2024, April 28]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18434/T4W30F
BibTex Citation (new window)
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At. num | El. Name | Isoel. Seq. | Ground Shells (a) | Ground Level | Ionization Energy (eV) | Uncertainty (eV) | References
--------|----------|-------------|--------------------|-----------------|--------------------------------------|----------------------|-----------
88 | Radium | Ra | [Rn].7s2 | 1S0 | 5.2784239 | 0.0000025 | L4979
88 | Radium | Fr | [Rn].7s | 2S<1/2> | 10.14718 | 0.00006 | L19486
88 | Radium | Rn | [Hg].6p6 | 1S0 | (31.0) | 1.6 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | At | [Hg].6p5 | 2P*<3/2> | (41.0) | 1.7 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Po | [Hg].6p4 | 3P<2> | (52.9) | 1.9 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Bi | [Hg].6p3 | 4S*<3/2> | (64.0) | 2.0 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Pb | [Hg].6p2 | 3P0 | (82.0) | 2.0 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Tl | [Hg].6p | 2P*<1/2> | (97.0) | 2.1 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Hg | [Xe].4f14.5d10.6s2 | 1S0 | (124.0) | 2.2 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Au | [Xe].4f14.5d10.6s | 2S<1/2> | (140.0) | 2.2 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Pt | [Xe].4f14.5d10 | 1S0 | (204.9) | 2.4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ir | [Xe].4f14.5d9 | 2D<5/2> | (227.0) | 2.5 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Os | [Xe].4f14.5d8 | 3F<4> | (250) | 3 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Re | [Xe].4f14.5d7 | 4F<9/2> | (274) | 3 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | W | [Xe].4f14.5d6 | 5D<4> | (299) | 3 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ta | [Xe].4f14.5d5 | 6S<5/2> | (324) | 3 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Hf | [Xe].4f14.5d4 | 5D0 | (356) | 3 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Lu | [Xe].4f14.5d3 | 4F<3/2> | (382) | 3 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Yb | [Xe].4f14.5d2 | 3F<2> | (409) | 3 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Tm | [Xe].4f14.5d | 2D<3/2> | (435) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Er | [Xe].4f14 | 1S0 | (570) | 30 | L582
88 | Radium | Ho | [Cd].4f14.5p5 | 2P*<3/2> | (600) | 30 | L582
88 | Radium | Dy | [Cd].4f14.5p4 | 3P<2> | (630) | 30 | L582
88 | Radium | Tb | [Cd].4f14.5p3 | 2P*<3/2> | (660) | 30 | L582
88 | Radium | Gd | [Cd].4f14.5p2 | 3P0 | (740) | 40 | L582
88 | Radium | Eu | [Cd].4f14.5p | 2P*<1/2> | (770) | 40 | L582
88 | Radium | Sm | [Cd].4f14 | 1S0 | (860) | 40 | L582
88 | Radium | Pm | [Kr].4d10.4f14.5s | 2S<1/2> | (900) | 40 | L582
88 | Radium | Nd | [Kr].4d10.4f14 | 1S0 | (970) | 50 | L582
88 | Radium | Pr | [Kr].4d10.4f13 | 2F*<7/2> | (1040) | 50 | L582
88 | Radium | Ce | [Kr].4d10.4f12 | | (1110) | 60 | L582
88 | Radium | La | [Kr].4d10.4f11 | 4I*<15/2> | (1180) | 60 | L582
88 | Radium | Ba | [Kr].4d10.4f10 | 5I<8> | (1250) | 60 | L582
88 | Radium | Cs | [Kr].4d10.4f9 | 6H*<15/2> | (1320) | 70 | L582
88 | Radium | Xe | [Kr].4d10.4f8 | 7F<6> | (1390) | 70 | L582
88 | Radium | I | [Kr].4d10.4f7 | 8S*<7/2> | (1460) | 70 | L582
88 | Radium | Te | [Kr].4d10.4f6 | 7F0 | (1530) | 80 | L582
88 | Radium | Sb | [Kr].4d10.4f5 | 6H*<5/2> | (1610) | 80 | L582
88 | Radium | Sn | [Kr].4d10.4f4 | 5I<4> | (1680) | 80 | L582
88 | Radium | In | [Kr].4d10.4f3 | 4I*<9/2> | (1750) | 90 | L582
88 | Radium | Cd | [Kr].4d10.4f2 | 3H<4> | (1820) | 90 | L582
88 | Radium | Ag | [Kr].4d10.4f | 2F*<5/2> | (1880) | 100 | L582
88 | Radium | Pd | [Kr].4d10 | 1S0 | (2208) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Rh | [Kr].4d9 | 2D<5/2> | (2271) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ru | [Kr].4d8 | 3F<4> | (2338) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Tc | [Kr].4d7 | 4F<9/2> | (2409) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Mo | [Kr].4d6 | 5D<4> | (2477) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Nb | [Kr].4d5 | <5/2> | (2544) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Zr | [Kr].4d4 | 5D0 | (2662) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Y | [Kr].4d3 | 4F<3/2> | (2731) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Sr | [Kr].4d2 | 3F<2> | (2806) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Rb | [Kr].4d | 2D<3/2> | (2876) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Kr | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p6 | 1S0 | (3155) | 4 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Br | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p5 | 2P*<3/2> | (3224) | 5 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Se | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p4 | 3P<2> | (3298) | 5 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | As | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p3 | *<3/2> | (3368) | 5 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ge | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p2 | 3P0 | (3682) | 5 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ga | [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p | 2P*<1/2> | (3762) | 6 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Zn | [Ar].3d10.4s2 | 1S0 | (3959) | 6 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Cu | [Ar].3d10.4s | 2S<1/2> | [4040] | 4 | L10278
88 | Radium | Ni | [Ar].3d10 | 1S0 | (6565) | 10 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Co | [Ar].3d9 | 2D<5/2> | (6718) | 12 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Fe | [Ar].3d8 | 3F<4> | (6881) | 15 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Mn | [Ar].3d7 | 4F<9/2> | (7056) | 19 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Cr | [Ar].3d6 | <4> | (7222) | 24 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | V | [Ar].3d5 | <5/2> | (7380) | 30 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ti | [Ar].3d4 | 5D0 | (7720) | 40 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Sc | [Ar].3d3 | 4F<3/2> | (7890) | 40 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ca | [Ar].3d2 | 3F<2> | (8080) | 50 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | K | [Ar].3d | 2D<3/2> | (8250) | 50 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ar | [Ne].3s2.3p6 | 1S0 | (8730) | 60 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Cl | [Ne].3s2.3p5 | 2P*<3/2> | (8880) | 60 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | S | [Ne].3s2.3p4 | 3P<2> | (9040) | 70 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | P | [Ne].3s2.3p3 | 2P*<3/2> | (9200) | 90 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Si | [Ne].3s2.3p2 | 3P0 | (10190) | 90 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Al | [Ne].3s2.3p | 2P*<1/2> | (10360) | 100 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Mg | [Ne].3s2 | 1S0 | (10720) | 110 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Na | [Ne].3s | 2S<1/2> | (10890) | 120 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Ne | 1s2.2s2.2p6 | 1S0 | (22900) | 120 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | F | 1s2.2s2.2p5 | 2P*<3/2> | (23300) | 140 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | O | 1s2.2s2.2p4 | 3P<2> | (23750) | 150 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | N | 1s2.2s2.2p3 | (0,3/2)*<3/2> | (24160) | 160 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | C | 1s2.2s2.2p2 | 3P0 | (27830) | 170 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | B | 1s2.2s2.2p | 2P*<1/2> | (28370) | 190 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Be | 1s2.2s2 | 1S0 | (29050) | 200 | L8672c99
88 | Radium | Li | 1s2.2s | 2S<1/2> | (29479.8) | 0.5 | L16264c99
88 | Radium | He | 1s2 | 1S0 | (116853.5) | 0.5 | L21139
88 | Radium | H | 1s | 2S<1/2> | (118929.5) | 1.1 | L19200
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Notes:
(a) Designations used in the ground shell lists:
[Ne] = 1s2.2s2.2p6
[Ar] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6
[Kr] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6.3d10.4s2.4p6
[Cd] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6.3d10.4s2.4p6.4d10.5s2
[Xe] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6.3d10.4s2.4p6.4d10.5s2.5p6
[Hg] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6.3d10.4s2.4p6.4d10.5s2.5p6.4f14.5d10.6s2
[Rn] = 1s2.2s2.2p6.3s2.3p6.3d10.4s2.4p6.4d10.5s2.5p6.4f14.5d10.6s2.6p6
If you did not find the data you need, please inform the ASD Team.
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